Understanding common eye problems, in plain language

A group of conditions that can damage the optic nerve, often linked to increased eye pressure. It can develop slowly with no early symptoms, so regular eye exams matter for early detection.

Medically known as strabismus — the two eyes do not remain properly aligned and may look in different directions. Early diagnosis matters most in children, for normal visual development.

Children's vision develops rapidly, and problems not caught early can affect normal visual development. Regular checks help catch what parents or children may not notice.

Develops when the eye's natural lens becomes cloudy, gradually blurring vision. Commonly linked to ageing, but can also follow injury, certain conditions or medications.

A raised, fleshy growth that develops on the white of the eye and may gradually extend toward the cornea, often linked to long-term UV, dust and wind exposure.

A small lump that forms in the eyelid when an oil-producing gland becomes blocked — usually inflammation rather than active infection, often starting as a small painless swelling.